Of 184 people known to have died, 137 were Han Chinese, 46 were from the indigenous Uighur community and one was an ethnic Hui, local officials said.
Beijing flooded the regional capital Urumqi with security forces to stem the violence which erupted last Sunday.
Correspondents say some Uighurs believe their own death toll was much higher.
"I've heard that more than 100 Uighurs have died but nobody wants to talk about it in public," one Uighur man in Urumqi who did not want to give his name told the Associated Press news agency.
Uighurs living in exile outside China have also disputed the Chinese figures. Rebiya Kadeer, the US-based head of the World Uighur Congress, said she believed about 500 people had died.
According to the Chinese death toll released by state media, 26 of the 137 Han Chinese victims were female, while all but one of the 45 Uighurs killed were male.
The single death recorded in the Hui community, which is similar to the Uighurs ethnically and religiously, was that of a male.
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